Gabatarwa zuwa Tushen Harshen Harshen Nitrogen don Nailan

Gabatarwa zuwa Tushen Harshen Harshen Nitrogen don Nailan

Abubuwan da ke haifar da harshen wuta na Nitrogen suna da ƙarancin guba, rashin lalacewa, yanayin zafi da kwanciyar hankali na UV, ingantaccen ingantaccen harshen wuta, da ƙimar farashi. Duk da haka, abubuwan da suka haifar sun haɗa da matsalolin sarrafawa da rashin tarwatsawa a cikin matrix polymer. Nailan na gama gari na tushen harshen wuta sun haɗa da MCA (melamine cyanurate), melamine, da MPP (melamine polyphosphate).

Tsarin wutar lantarki ya ƙunshi abubuwa biyu:

1. "Sublimation da Endothermic" Injiniyan Jiki: Mai riƙe da wuta yana rage zafin saman kayan polymer kuma ya ware shi daga iska ta hanyar haɓakawa da ɗaukar zafi.
2. Carbonization na Catalytic da Intumescent Mechanism a cikin Matakin Natsuwa: Mai riƙe da wuta yana hulɗa tare da nailan, yana haɓaka haɓakar carbonation kai tsaye da faɗaɗawa.

MCA yana nuna ayyuka biyu a cikin tsarin hana wuta, yana haɓaka duka carbonization da kumfa. Na'ura mai hana harshen wuta da tasiri sun bambanta dangane da nau'in nailan. Nazarin kan MCA da MPP a cikin PA6 da PA66 sun nuna cewa waɗannan masu jin daɗin harshen wuta suna haifar da haɗin kai a cikin PA66 amma suna haɓaka lalata a cikin PA6, yana haifar da ingantaccen aikin hana wuta a PA66 fiye da na PA6.

1. Melamine Cyanurate (MCA)

MCA an haɗa shi daga melamine da cyanuric acid a cikin ruwa, yana samar da haɗin gwiwar hydrogen. Yana da kyau kwarai mara halogen, ƙarancin guba, da ƙarancin wuta mai ɗaukar hayaki wanda akafi amfani dashi a cikin nailan polymers. Koyaya, MCA na al'ada yana da babban ma'anar narkewa (rushewa da haɓaka sama da 400 ° C) kuma ana iya haɗa shi da resins a cikin nau'i mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, wanda ke haifar da rarrabuwa mara daidaituwa da girman girman barbashi, wanda ke haifar da mummunan tasiri ga ingancin harshen wuta. Bugu da ƙari, MCA da farko yana aiki a cikin lokacin iskar gas, yana haifar da ƙarancin samuwar char da sako-sako, yadudduka na carbon mara kariya yayin konewa.

Don magance waɗannan batutuwa, an yi amfani da fasahar haɗaɗɗen ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta don gyara MCA ta hanyar gabatar da ƙarin ƙarar wuta-retardant (WEX), wanda ke rage yanayin narkewar MCA, yana ba da damar narkewa tare da rarrabuwa mai kyau tare da PA6. WEX kuma yana haɓaka haɓakar char yayin konewa, haɓaka ingancin layin carbon da ƙarfafa tasirin murɗaɗɗen lokaci na MCA, ta haka yana samar da kayan hana wuta tare da kyakkyawan aiki.

2. Ciwon Wuta (IFR)

IFR muhimmin tsarin hana harshen wuta mara halogen. Fa'idodinsa akan abubuwan da ke hana wuta halogenated sun haɗa da ƙarancin hayaki da sakin iskar gas mara guba yayin konewa. Haka kuma, char Layer da IFR ya kirkira na iya shafe narkakkar, polymer mai ƙonewa, hana ɗigowa da yaduwar wuta.

Mabuɗin abubuwan IFR sun haɗa da:

• Tushen iskar gas ( mahadi na tushen melamine)
• Tushen acid (phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants)
• Tushen Carbon (nailan kanta)
• Abubuwan haɗin gwiwar haɗin gwiwa (misali, zinc borate, aluminum hydroxide) da magungunan hana dripping.

Lokacin da yawan adadin furotin-phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants zuwa mahadi na tushen melamine shine:

• Kasa da 1%: Rashin isassun sakamako mai hana harshen wuta.
• Sama da 30%: Volatilization yana faruwa yayin aiki.
• Tsakanin 1% – 30% (musamman 7% – 20%): Mafi kyawun aikin hana harshen wuta ba tare da shafar iya aiki ba.

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