Canza Tsarin Fata na PVC Mai Hana Halogen Ba Tare da Wuta Ba

Canza Tsarin Fata na PVC Mai Hana Halogen Ba Tare da Wuta Ba

Gabatarwa

Abokin ciniki yana samar da fatar PVC mai hana wuta da kuma antimony trioxide da aka yi amfani da shi a baya (Sb₂O₃). Yanzu suna da niyyar kawar da Sb₂O₃ da kuma canzawa zuwa masu hana wuta da ba su da halogen. Tsarin da ake amfani da shi a yanzu ya haɗa da PVC, DOP, EPOXY, BZ-500, ST, HICOAT-410, da antimony. Canja wurin daga tsarin fata na PVC mai hana wuta da aka yi amfani da shi a antimony zuwa tsarin hana wuta da ba su da halogen yana wakiltar babban haɓaka fasaha. Wannan canjin ba wai kawai ya dace da ƙa'idodin muhalli masu tsauri ba (misali, RoHS, REACH) har ma yana ƙara haɓaka hoton samfurin da kuma gasa a kasuwa.

Manyan Kalubale

1. Rashin Tasirin Haɗin gwiwa:
   • Sb₂O₃ ba mai ƙarfi ba ne mai hana harshen wuta shi kaɗai, amma yana nuna kyakkyawan tasirin haɗin gwiwa tare da chlorine a cikin PVC, wanda ke inganta inganci sosai. Cire antimony yana buƙatar nemo wani tsarin da ba shi da halogen wanda ke kwaikwayon wannan haɗin gwiwa.
2. Ingantaccen Jinkirin Wuta:
   • Masu hana harshen wuta marasa halogen galibi suna buƙatar ƙarin lodi don cimma daidaiton ƙimar hana harshen wuta (misali, UL94 V-0), wanda zai iya shafar halayen injiniya (laushi, ƙarfin tauri, tsawaitawa), aikin sarrafawa, da farashi.
3. Halayen Fata na PVC:
   • Fata ta PVC tana buƙatar laushi mai kyau, jin hannu, goge saman (embossing, sheki), juriya ga yanayi, juriya ga ƙaura, da kuma sassaucin yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi. Sabon tsarin dole ne ya kiyaye ko ya dace da waɗannan halaye.
4. Aikin Sarrafawa:
   • Yawan nauyin abubuwan cikawa marasa halogen (misali, ATH) na iya shafar kwararar narkewa da kwanciyar hankali na sarrafawa.
5. La'akari da Farashi:
   • Wasu na'urorin hana harshen wuta marasa halogen masu inganci suna da tsada, wanda ke buƙatar daidaito tsakanin aiki da farashi.

Dabarun Zaɓa don Tsarin Hana Wutar Lantarki Ba Tare da Halogen Ba (don Fata Mai Wuya ta PVC)

1. Manyan Masu Hana Wutar Lantarki - Karfe Hydroxides

• Aluminum Trihydroxide (ATH):
  • Mafi yawanci, mai rahusa.
  • Tsarin aiki: Rushewar endothermic (~200°C), yana fitar da tururin ruwa don rage iskar gas mai ƙonewa da iskar oxygen yayin da yake samar da wani Layer na saman da ke kariya.
  • Kurakurai: Ƙarancin inganci, ana buƙatar ɗaukar kaya mai yawa (40-70 phr), yana rage laushi, tsawaitawa, da kuma sauƙin sarrafawa sosai; zafin narkewar abu yana da ƙasa.
• Magnesium Hydroxide (MDH):
  • Mafi girman zafin jiki na ruɓewa (~ 340°C), wanda ya fi dacewa da aikin PVC (160–200°C).
  • Kurakurai: Ana buƙatar irin waɗannan lodi masu yawa (40-70 phr); ɗan tsada fiye da ATH; yana iya samun ƙarin shaƙar danshi.

Dabaru:

• Fi son haɗakar MDH ko ATH/MDH (misali, 70/30) don daidaita farashi, sarrafa yanayin zafi, da kuma hana harshen wuta.
• An yi wa saman fenti mai laushi (misali, an haɗa shi da silane) ATH/MDH yana inganta dacewa da PVC, yana rage lalacewar dukiya, kuma yana ƙara yawan amfani da wutar lantarki.

2. Masu Haɗa Kai Masu Rage Wuta

Don rage nauyin farko na hana harshen wuta da inganta inganci, masu haɗin gwiwa suna da mahimmanci:

• Masu hana harshen wuta na Phosphorus-Nitrogen: Ya dace da tsarin PVC mara halogen.
  • Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP): Yana haɓaka charring, yana samar da Layer mai hana iska shiga.
    • Lura: Yi amfani da ma'aunin da ke jure zafi mai yawa (misali, Mataki na II, >280°C) don guje wa ruɓewa yayin sarrafawa. Wasu APPs na iya shafar bayyana gaskiya da juriyar ruwa.
  • Aluminum Diethylphosphinate (ADP): Inganci mai ƙarfi, ƙarancin lodi (5-20 phr), ƙarancin tasiri akan kaddarorin, kwanciyar hankali mai kyau na zafi.
    • Kuskure: Mafi girman farashi.
  • Phosphate Esters (misali, RDP, BDP, TCPP): Yana aiki azaman masu hana harshen wuta.
    • Ribobi: Matsayi biyu (mai hana filastik + mai hana harshen wuta).
    • Fursunoni: Ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta (misali, TCPP) na iya ƙaura/canzawa; RDP/BDP suna da ƙarancin ingancin plasticization fiye da DOP kuma suna iya rage sassaucin yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi.
• Zinc Borate (ZB):
  • Mai rahusa, mai aiki da yawa (mai hana harshen wuta, mai hana hayaki, mai haɓaka char, mai hana ɗigon ruwa). Yana aiki da kyau tare da tsarin ATH/MDH da phosphorus-nitrogen. Yawan lodi: 3-10 phr.
• Sinadarin Zinc/Hydroxy:
  • Masu hana hayaki da kuma masu hana harshen wuta, musamman ga polymers masu ɗauke da chlorine (misali, PVC). Za su iya maye gurbin aikin haɗin gwiwar antimony kaɗan. Yawan amfani da shi: 2-8 phr.
• Molybdenum Compounds (misali, MoO₃, Ammonium Molybdate):
  • Masu kashe hayaki masu ƙarfi tare da haɗin gwiwar hana harshen wuta. Yawan lodi: 2-5 phr.
• Nano Fillers (misali, Nanoclay):
  • Ƙarancin lodi (3-8 phr) yana inganta jinkirin harshen wuta (samuwar char, rage yawan sakin zafi) da kuma halayen injiniya. Watsawa yana da matuƙar muhimmanci.

3. Magungunan rage hayaki

PVC tana samar da hayaki mai yawa yayin ƙonewa. Magungunan da ba su da halogen galibi suna buƙatar rage hayaki. Sinadaran zinc borate, zinc stannate, da molybdenum zaɓi ne mai kyau.

Tsarin Maganin Hana Wutar Lantarki Ba Tare Da Halogen Ba (Dangane da Asalin Tsarin Abokin Ciniki)

Manufa: Cimma UL94 V-0 (1.6 mm ko kauri) yayin da ake kiyaye laushi, sauƙin sarrafawa, da kuma muhimman abubuwan da ke cikinsa.

Zato:

• Tsarin asali:
  • DOP: 50-70 hr (mai sanya filastik).
  • ST: Wataƙila sitaric acid (mai shafawa).
  • HICOAT-410: Na'urar daidaita Ca/Zn.
  • BZ-500: Wataƙila mai taimakawa wajen sarrafa man shafawa/sarrafawa (don tabbatarwa).
  • EPOXY: Man waken soya da aka yi wa epoxidized (mai daidaita co-stabilizer/plasticizer).
  • Antimony: Sb₂O₃ (za a cire).

1. Tsarin Tsarin da aka Ba da Shawara (kowace resin PVC 100 phr)

2. Misali Tsarin (Yana Bukatar Ingantawa)

Matakan Aiwatarwa Masu Muhimmanci

1. Tabbatar da Bayanan Kayan Danye:
   • Bayyana asalin sinadarai naBZ-500kumaST(duba takaddun bayanai na mai samarwa).
   • Tabbatar da ainihin adadin da aka karɓaDOP,EPOXY, kumaHICOAT-410.
   • Bayyana buƙatun abokin ciniki: Tsarin hana harshen wuta (misali, kauri na UL94), laushi (tauri), amfani (mota, kayan daki, jakunkuna?), buƙatu na musamman (juriyar sanyi, kwanciyar hankali na UV, juriyar gogewa?), iyakokin farashi.
2. Zaɓi Takamaiman Maki Masu Hana Harsashi:
   • Nemi samfuran da ba sa haifar da hayaki mai hana halogen wanda aka ƙera don fata PVC daga masu samar da kayayyaki.
   • A ba da fifiko ga ATH/MDH da aka yi wa magani a saman don ingantaccen warwatsewa.
   • Don APP, yi amfani da matakan da ke jure zafi mai yawa.
   • Ga phosphate esters, fi son RDP/BDP fiye da TCPP don ƙananan ƙaura.
3. Gwaji da Ingantawa a Sikelin Dakunan Gwaji:
   • Shirya ƙananan rukuni tare da nau'ikan lodi daban-daban (misali, daidaita rabon MDH/APP/ZB/ZS).
   • Haɗawa: Yi amfani da na'urorin haɗawa masu sauri (misali, Henschel) don wargajewa iri ɗaya. Sai a fara zuba ruwa (masu daidaita filastik, masu daidaita sinadari) sannan a zuba foda.
   • Gwaje-gwajen Sarrafawa: Gwaji kan kayan aikin samarwa (misali, injin haɗa Banbury + calendering). Kula da lokacin da aka yi amfani da filastik, narke danko, ƙarfin juyi, da ingancin saman.
   • Gwajin Aiki:
     • Rashin ƙarfin harshen wuta: UL94, LOI.
     • Halayen injiniya: Tauri (Shore A), ƙarfin tauri, tsayi.
     • Jin laushi/ji na hannu: Gwaje-gwajen da suka shafi yanayi da tauri.
     • Sassaucin ƙarancin zafin jiki: Gwajin lanƙwasa sanyi.
     • Kwanciyar hankali: Gwajin jan Congo.
     • Bayyanar: Launi, sheƙi, da kuma embossing.
     • (Zaɓi) Yawan hayaki: Ɗakin hayaki na NBS.
4. Shirya matsala & Daidaitawa:

5. Matukin jirgi & Samarwa: Bayan inganta dakin gwaje-gwaje, gudanar da gwaje-gwajen gwaji don tabbatar da daidaito, daidaito, da farashi. Ƙara girma kawai bayan an tabbatar da ingancin.

Kammalawa

Canjawa daga fata mai tushen antimony zuwa fata mai hana harshen wuta ta PVC mai hana halogen abu ne mai yiwuwa amma yana buƙatar haɓakawa mai tsari. Tsarin da aka saba amfani da shi ya haɗa da ƙarfe hydroxides (zai fi dacewa MDH da aka yi wa magani a saman), phosphorus-nitrogen synergists (APP ko ADP), da kuma masu rage hayaki mai aiki da yawa (zinc borate, zinc stannate). A lokaci guda, inganta filastik, masu daidaita, mai, da kayan aikin sarrafawa yana da matuƙar muhimmanci.

Mabuɗan Nasara:

1. Bayyana manufofi da ƙuntatawa bayyanannu (jinkirin wuta, halaye, farashi).
2. Zaɓi masu hana harshen wuta marasa halogen da aka tabbatar (masu cikawa da aka yi wa magani a saman, APP mai zafi sosai).
3. Yi gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje mai tsauri (rage wutar lantarki, halaye, sarrafawa).
4. Tabbatar da daidaiton haɗin kai da kuma daidaiton tsari.

   More info., you can contact lucy@taifeng-fr.com