Nazari da Haɓaka Ƙirƙirar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru don Rufin PVC

Nazari da Haɓaka Ƙirƙirar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru don Rufin PVC

Abokin ciniki yana ƙera tantunan PVC kuma yana buƙatar yin amfani da murfin wuta. A halin yanzu dabara kunshi 60 sassa PVC guduro, 40 sassa TOTM, 30 sassa aluminum hypophosphite (tare da 40% phosphorus abun ciki), 10 sassa MCA, 8 sassa zinc borate, tare da dispersants. Duk da haka, aikin da ke hana harshen wuta ba shi da kyau, kuma tarwatsawar wutar ba ta isa ba. Da ke ƙasa akwai nazarin dalilai da wani tsari na daidaitawa ga dabara.

I. Mahimman Dalilai na Rashin Rashin Wuta

1. Rashin Daidaitaccen Tsarin Tsarewar Harshen Harshen Wuta tare da Rarraun Hanyoyin Haɗin Kai

• Aluminum hypophosphite mai yawa ( sassa 30):
  Ko da yake aluminium hypophosphite ingantaccen harshen wuta ne na tushen phosphorus (40% abun ciki na phosphorus), ƙari mai yawa (> sassa 25) na iya haifar da:
• Haɓakawa mai kaifi a cikin ɗankowar tsarin, yana sa tarwatsewa da wahala da ƙirƙirar wuraren da ba su da ƙarfi waɗanda ke haɓaka ƙonewa ("sakamakon wick").
• Rage taurin abu da gurɓatattun kaddarorin samar da fim saboda wuce kima na inorganic.
• Babban abun ciki na MCA ( sassa 10):
  MCA (na tushen nitrogen) yawanci ana amfani dashi azaman mai haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da adadin ya wuce sassa 5, yana ƙoƙarin yin ƙaura zuwa saman ƙasa, yana ƙosar da ingancin harshen wuta da yuwuwar yin kutse tare da sauran masu hana wuta.
• Rashin maɓallai masu haɗin gwiwa:
  Duk da yake zinc borate yana da tasirin hana hayaki, rashin tushen tushen antimony (misali, antimony trioxide) ko ƙarfe oxide (misali, aluminum hydroxide) mahadi yana hana samuwar tsarin haɗin gwiwar “phosphorus-nitrogen-antimony”, yana haifar da rashin isasshen iskar gas-lokacin wuta.

2. Rashin daidaituwa Tsakanin Zaɓin Plasticizer da Goals Retardancy

• TOTM (trioctyl trimellitate) yana da iyakacin jinkirin harshen wuta:
  TOTM ya yi fice a juriyar zafi amma ba shi da tasiri sosai a cikin jinkirin wuta idan aka kwatanta da esters phosphate (misali, TOTP). Don manyan aikace-aikacen hana wuta kamar suturar tanti, TOTM ba zai iya samar da isassun ƙarfin caji da shingen iskar oxygen ba.
• Rashin isassun kayan filastik (bangaren 40 kawai):
  Gurorin PVC yawanci yana buƙatar sassa 60-75 na filastik don cikakken filastik. Ƙananan abun ciki na filastik yana haifar da babban narke danko, yana ƙara ta'azzara matsalolin tarwatsewar wuta.

3. Tsarin Watsawa mara inganci wanda ke kaiwa ga Rarraba Rashin Tsarewar Haraji

• Mai watsawa na yanzu yana iya zama nau'in manufa na gaba ɗaya (misali, stearic acid ko PE wax), wanda ba shi da tasiri ga masu ɗaukar harshen wuta mai ɗaukar nauyi (aluminum hypophosphite + zinc borate jimlar sassa 48), yana haifar da:
• Agglomeration na ɓangarorin da ke riƙe da harshen wuta, ƙirƙirar wuraren rauni masu rauni a cikin rufin.
• Rashin narkewar kwararar ruwa yayin sarrafawa, yana haifar da zafi mai ƙarfi wanda ke haifar da bazuwar da wuri.

4. Rashin daidaituwa tsakanin Flame Retardants da PVC

• Kayan inorganic kamar aluminum hypophosphite da zinc borate suna da manyan bambance-bambancen polarity tare da PVC. Ba tare da gyare-gyaren saman (misali, silane haɗaɗɗen wakilai ba), rabuwar lokaci yana faruwa, yana rage ƙarfin wuta.

II. Hanyar Zane ta Core

1. Sauya Filastik na Farko da TOTP

• Yi amfani da kyakkyawan yanayin jinkirin harshen sa (abin ciki na phosphorus ≈9%) da tasirin filastik.

2. Haɓaka Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Harshen Harshe da Haɗin kai

• Riƙe hypophosphite aluminium azaman tushen tushen phosphorus amma yana rage yawan adadin sa don inganta tarwatsawa da rage tasirin "wick"
• Riƙe zinc borate azaman maɓalli na haɗin gwiwa (yana haɓaka caji da kashe hayaki).
• Riƙe MCA a matsayin mai haɗa nitrogen amma rage adadin sa don hana ƙaura.
• Gabatarwaultrafine aluminum hydroxide (ATH)a matsayin bangaren multifunctional:
• Dagewar harshen wuta:Endothermic bazuwar (dehydration), sanyaya, da dilution na flammable gas.
• Yanke hayaki:Mahimmanci yana rage haɓakar hayaki.
• Filler:Rage farashi (idan aka kwatanta da sauran masu hana wuta).
• Ingantattun tarwatsawa da kwarara (matakin ultrafine):Mafi sauƙi don tarwatsawa fiye da ATH na al'ada, rage girman haɓaka.

3. Ƙarfafan Magani don Batun Watsewa

• Ƙara haɓaka abun ciki na filastik:Tabbatar da cikakken filastik PVC kuma rage dankon tsarin.
• Yi amfani da manyan masu watsawa masu inganci:An tsara shi musamman don ɗaukar nauyi, sauƙi mai saurin haɓaka inorganic powders (aluminum hypophosphite, ATH).
• Haɓaka aiki (kafin hadawa yana da mahimmanci):Tabbatar da jikewa sosai da tarwatsa abubuwan da ke hana wuta.

4. Tabbatar da Kwanciyar Hankali

• Ƙara isassun masu daidaita zafi da man shafawa masu dacewa.

III. Ƙirar PVC da aka sabunta ta Flame-Retardant

IV. Bayanan Formula da Mahimman Bayanai

1. TOTP shine Core Foundation

• 65-75 sassaya tabbatar:
• Cikakken filastik: PVC yana buƙatar isassun filastik don taushi, ci gaba da ƙirƙirar fim.
• Rage danko: Mahimmanci don haɓaka tarwatsewar masu ɗaukar wuta mai ɗaukar nauyi.
• Jinkirin harshen wuta na ciki: TOTP da kanta babban injin filastik ne mai ɗaukar harshen wuta.

2. Haɗin Ciwon Wuta

• PNB-Al Daidaitawa:Aluminum hypophosphite (P) + MCA (N) yana ba da haɗin gwiwar PN tushe. Zinc borate (B, Zn) yana haɓaka caja da kashe hayaki. Ultrafine ATH (Al) yana ba da babban sanyaya endothermic da kashe hayaki. TOTP kuma yana ba da gudummawar phosphorus. Wannan yana haifar da tsarin haɗakarwa da abubuwa da yawa.
• Matsayin ATH:Sassan 25-35 na ultrafine ATH babban mai ba da gudummawa ne ga jinkirin harshen wuta da kashe hayaki. Bazuwarsa na endothermic yana ɗaukar zafi, yayin da tururin ruwa da aka saki yana dilutes oxygen da iskar gas mai ƙonewa.Ultrafine da ATH da aka yi masa magani yana da mahimmancidon rage tasirin danko da inganta daidaituwar PVC.
• Rage aluminum hypophosphite:An saukar da shi daga sassa 30 zuwa 15-20 don sauƙaƙe nauyin tsarin yayin kiyaye gudummawar phosphorus.
• Rage MCA:An saukar da shi daga sassa 10 zuwa 4-6 don hana ƙaura.

3. Maganin Watsawa - Mahimmanci don Nasara

• Mai rarrabuwa (3-4 sassa):Mahimmanci don ɗaukar babban kaya (ɓangarorin 50-70 jimlar abubuwan da ke cikin inorganic!), Tsarin mai wahala-watsewa (aluminum hypophosphite + ultrafine ATH + zinc borate).Masu watsawa na yau da kullun (misali, calcium stearate, PE wax) basu isa ba!Saka hannun jari a cikin manyan masu rarrabawa da amfani da isassun adadi.
• Abubuwan da ke cikin filastik (65-75 sassa):Kamar yadda yake sama, yana rage danko gaba ɗaya, ƙirƙirar yanayi mafi kyau don tarwatsewa.
• Man shafawa (kashi 1-2):Haɗin lubricants na ciki / na waje yana tabbatar da kyakkyawan kwarara yayin haɗuwa da sutura, hana tsayawa.

4. Sarrafa - Tsananin Tsare-tsare Tsare-tsaren Haɗuwa

• Mataki na 1 (Bushe-hada foda na inorganic):
• Ƙara aluminum hypophosphite, ultrafine ATH, zinc borate, MCA, da duk super-dispersant zuwa babban mai haɗawa mai sauri.
• Mix a 80-90 ° C na minti 8-10. Manufar: Tabbatar da rarrabuwar kawuna gabaɗaya ya rufe kowane barbashi, yana karya agglomerates.Lokaci da zafin jiki suna da mahimmanci!
• Mataki na 2 (Slurry Samuwar):
• Ƙara mafi yawan TOTP (misali, 70-80%), duk masu daidaita zafi, da man shafawa na ciki zuwa cakuda daga Mataki na 1.
• Mix a 90-100 ° C na minti 5-7 don samar da uniform, slurry mai kare harshen wuta. Tabbatar cewa masu yin robobi sun jika foda sosai.
• Mataki na 3 (Ƙara PVC da sauran abubuwan da suka rage):
• Add PVC resin, sauran TOTP, waje lubricants (da antioxidants / UV stabilizers, idan aka kara a wannan mataki).
• Mix a 100-110 ° C na minti 7-10 har sai an kai ga "bushe wuri" (free-flowing, babu clumps).Ka guje wa haɗuwa don hana lalata PVC.
• Sanyaya:Zubar da sanyaya cakuda zuwa <50°C don hana kumbura.

5. Gudanarwa na gaba

• Yi amfani da gaurayar bushewar da aka sanyaya don yin kalandar ko sutura.
• Matsakaicin zafin jiki mai sarrafawa (wanda aka ba da shawarar zafin narke ≤170-175°C) don gujewa gazawar mai daidaitawa ko bazuwar zafin wuta (misali, ATH).

V. Sakamako da Rigakafi da ake tsammani

• Dagewar harshen wuta:Idan aka kwatanta da ainihin dabara (TOTM + high aluminum hypophosphite / MCA), wannan bita dabara (TOTP + inganta P / N / B / Al rabo) ya kamata muhimmanci inganta harshen retardancy, musamman a tsaye ƙona yi da kuma hayaki kashe. Matsayin manufa kamar CPAI-84 don tantuna. Gwajin maɓalli: ASTM D6413 (ƙona tsaye).
• Watsewa:Super-dispersant + high plasticizer + inganta pre-hadawa kamata ƙwarai inganta watsawa, rage agglomeration da inganta shafi uniformity.
• Yin aiki:Isassun TOTP da man shafawa yakamata su tabbatar da aiki mai santsi, amma saka idanu danko da mannewa yayin samarwa na ainihi.
• Farashin:TOTP da super-dispersants suna da tsada, amma raguwar aluminium hypophosphite da MCA suna daidaita wasu farashi. ATH yana da ɗan ƙaramin farashi.

Mahimman Tunatarwa:

• Ƙananan gwaji na farko!Gwaji a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma daidaitawa bisa ainihin kayan (musamman ATH da babban aikin watsawa) da kayan aiki.
• Zaɓin kayan aiki:
• ATH:Dole ne a yi amfani da ultrafine (D50 ≤2µm), wanda aka yi masa magani (misali, silane) maki. Tuntuɓi masu ba da kayayyaki don shawarwari masu dacewa da PVC.
• Super-dispersants:Dole ne a yi amfani da nau'ikan inganci masu inganci. Sanar da masu kaya game da aikace-aikacen (PVC, manyan abubuwan da ba a haɗa su ba, jinkirin harshen wuta mara halogen).
• TOTP:Tabbatar da inganci mai inganci.
• Gwaji:Gudanar da tsauraran gwaje-gwajen jinkirin harshen wuta akan kowane ma'auni. Hakanan kimanta tsufa / juriya na ruwa (mahimmanci ga tantuna na waje!). UV stabilizers da antioxidants suna da mahimmanci.

More info., pls contact lucy@taifeng-fr.com